3. Vやる Third person’s action
In the former section we talked about the use of おる（とる／よる）as a
pejorative expression for the third persons/animals/things. You also
know that it is a blunt expression, hence is mainly used by male
speakers. Then is there any gentle expression that female speakers use
when talking about third person/animal/thing’s action or state? Yes,
Vやる is the one. (Please note that this expression is not usually used
in Kyoto/Shiga area, as they tend to use はる to be gentle and polite.)
V(masu-form stem) + やる
食べやる、
いやる、
見やる、
飲みやる、
しやる、
きや
る
やる could hold some emotional / pejorative-like implications such as
expressing anger /criticism as well as surprise, praise and such;
however, still has a gentle/feminine feature compared to よる.
あの
人あんなおっきいステーキ
全部食べやったで。すごいなあ。
(ST あの人、あんな大きなステーキを全部食べたよ。すごいねえ。)
お
母さ〜ん、かずきくんが
私のケーキ
食べ
やんねん！
怒って！
(ST お母さん、かずきくんが私のケーキ食べるんだよ。叱って！）
Vている becomes Vてやる.
あそこに
座ってやる子、誰か
待ってやんのん？
(ST あそこに座っている子、誰か待っているの？)
Now, let’s summarize who use はる／よる／やる in what situation. Who typically
use it, male speakers or female speakers, or both? What is the
hierarchical difference or psychological distance of the speaker from
山田さん?
ST 山田さん、会社辞めたよ。
(1) 山田さん、会社辞め
はったで。
(2) 山田さん、会社辞め
よったで。
(3) 山田さん、会社辞め
やったで。
(1) can be used by both male and female. はる indicates either 山田さん is
hierarchically higher than or is psychologically distant from the
speaker. Or if the speaker is female from Kyoto/Shiga, she may just
want to be polite.
(2) is typically used by male. よる indicates either 山田さん is
hierarchically lower than the speaker, or the speaker looks down on
山田さん. Or the speaker is just blunt. When the speaker is female, it is a
sign of bluntness or disgust toward 山田さん.
(3) is mainly used by female speakers, except those in Kyoto/Shiga. It
indicates 山田さん has equal status with or lower status than the speaker,
or the speaker feels close to 山田さん.
Extra 1: 読んでやる VS 読んでやる???
Some of you may wonder, “Wait! やる can be the blunt expression of あげる,
then how can one distinguish Kansai-specific 〜てやる that indicates a
third person’s action from the blunt version of 〜てあげる?” Well, the key
point is the difference in their accents.
妹に本を
読んでやった。（＜読んであげた）
ゆうちゃんが本を
読んでやった。(third person’s
action) (ST 読んでいた)
